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Understanding Neutral, Ground, Grounding, and Bonding

Author: Polly

Sep. 23, 2024

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Understanding Neutral, Ground, Grounding, and Bonding

NEC states that the neutral and ground wires should be &#;bonded&#; together at the main panel (only) to the grounding rod. Assuming that the ground rod is properly installed with excellent earth bonding, the rod should carry away the externally generated surges like lightning into the earth &#; protecting the house and building.

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The purpose of the ground wire is always &#;safety.&#; Ground wires are:

  • Never intended to carry any current during normal operations
  • It intended to hold the fault current to the main panel to trip the breaker, and nobody gets hurt.

The ground and neutral must have separate paths downstream of the main panel. But if you connect the neutral and ground the downstream (at the subpanels)

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  • The ground carries current to the main panel &#; creating multiple return paths of electricity
  • Neutral breakers might not trip in the event of fault since their load is shared with the ground.
  • The bare copper wires in the subpanel are now holding current &#; a potential threat for an electric shock to the personnel

Therefore, the main panel is the ONLY location in your home, in other buildings and structures supplied by this main panel (service equipment) &#; where the neutral and ground are connected. The branch circuits or the subpanels should have their neutral wire isolated from:

  • Ground wire
  • All equipment grounding conductors, metallic parts, enclosures etc.

Exhibit 5,7 shows the proper ways of grounding. Exhibit 6,8 shows the violations.

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