2.4 GHz vs. 5 GHz Wi-Fi

The 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band uses lower frequencies than the 5 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band&#;that&#;s why 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi is better at penetrating solid objects and why it gives you more Wi-Fi range than the 5 GHz frequency band.

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The problem is a lot of devices use the 2.4 GHz frequency band, including microwaves, garage door openers, and baby monitors. The signals from these devices can introduce interference that slows down or interrupts 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi.

Other routers broadcasting on the same radio frequencies can cause interference to your 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi as well. Within the 2.4 GHz frequency band, there are 14 channels. Your router automatically selects one of these channels to broadcast your Wi-Fi. But if another router is broadcasting Wi-Fi on the same channel within the same space, it may interfere with your Wi-Fi signal. This is especially common in apartment buildings, where there are multiple routers within range of each other.

While installing Wi-fi solutions, a user may come up with a few impediments; specifically w.r.t the range and reception. It is very important to be aware of these impediments and see how they could affect the installation, before going in for a wireless solution.

Walls

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The first thing to do is to check the construction of the walls. In theory, Wi-Fi signals are capable of passing through walls and other obstacles relatively easily. However, in reality, some walls are thicker or use reinforced concrete and may block some of the signals. Materials such as drywall, plywood, other kinds of wood and glass can be easily penetrated by wireless signals. However, materials such as brick, plaster, cement, metal, stone, and double-glazed glass may cause problems. The following facts should therefore be kept in mind:

• Metal bodies absorb Wi-Fi signals. Therefore, wireless surveillance solutions do not guarantee connectivity between floors of buildings and between thick reinforced concrete walls
•  If the walls are made of non-porous materials, your wireless connection may have a shorter range or a slower speed
• Elevators block Wi-Fi signals to a great extent. When placing an IP camera; make sure the elevator does not come between the camera and the Wireless Access Point
•  Tinted glass panes carry metal constituents. So if you have tinted glasses anywhere between WAP and the camera, you can expect a drop in signal strength.

Interference

The other thing to check for is potential interference with the Wi-Fi network&#;s frequency range. The 802.11 wireless standards communicate in the 2.4, 3.6 and 5 GHz frequency bands.

Interference can slow down a network significantly and reduce its range as well. The two most common sources of wireless network interference are wireless telephones and microwave ovens. Existing previously installed 802.11 networks can also cause interference.

Potential sources of interference in the 2.4GHz ISM band:

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• Microwave ovens
• 2.4GHz cordless phones, DSSS and FHSS
•  Fluorescent bulbs
• 2.4GHz video cameras
• Elevator motors
• Cauterizing devices
• Plasma cutters
• Bluetooth radios
• Nearby 802.11, 802.11b or 802.11g WLANs
• Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs)